Robert Korngold, Ph.D., specializes in basic science and translational research in the field of blood and marrow stem cell transplantation. In 1978, he demonstrated in mouse models that mature T cells in donor bone marrow were responsible for causing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) directed to minor histocompatibility antigens in transplanted recipients. This landmark study had significant impact on the future course of clinical treatment for patients undergoing transplantation from matched sibling or unrelated matched donors. Since then he has devoted his career to studying the immunological mechanisms of GVHD and refining the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation process to avoid disease and allow for enhanced anti-leukemia immune reactivity. Dr. Korngold is widely recognized s leading researchers in his field, and as such, he has served since 2001 as Editor-in-Chief of the journal, Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. His research has been continuously funded by multiple grants from The National Institutes of Health (NIH), and he has served ad hoc and as a member of several subcommittees and peer review panels for the NIH, including the Cancer Immunopathology and Immunotherapy Study Section. Dr. Korngold is an author of 140 research articles, reviews and book chapters.

• Chief of The Division of Research at The Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center
• Senior Scientist at The David Joseph Jurist Research Center for Tomorrows Children at Hackensack University Medical Center
• Graduate Education: M.S. in Zoology from Rutgers University Graduate School, Ph.D. in Immunology from The University of Pennsylvania
• Post-Doctoral Fellowship: The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia
• Specialization: Adult blood and marrow stem cell transplantation

• Research Interests: Cellular immunology, transplantation immunology, T cell subsets, bone marrow transplantation, graft-versus-host disease, minor histocompatibility antigens, graft-versus-leukemia responses
• Major Research:
• studying the immunobiology of graft-versus-host disease
• investigating the immunological mechanisms of the graft-versus-leukemia response
• studying ways to manipulate donor T cells used in stem cell transplantation to avoid GVHD and retain immune protection against infections and leukemic relapse

• Honors/Awards: Groundbreaking research performed by Dr. Korngold revolutionized bone marrow transplantation in 1978. This work was revisited in the March 19, 2007, issue of the OfFrom the Archive It can also be viewed at www.jem.org .

• Memberships: The American Association of Immunologists, The American Society of Hematology, American Association for Cancer Research, The American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (Executive Board)

Representative and Recent Publications
Korngold R, Sprent J: Lethal graft-versus-host disease following bone marrow transplantation across minor histocompatibility barriers in mice. Prevention by removing mature T cells from marrow. J. Exp. Med. 148: 1687-1698, 1978.
Korngold R, Sprent J: Selection of cytotoxic T-cell precursors specific for minor histocompatibility determinants. I. Negative selection across H-2 barriers induced with disrupted cells but not with glutaraldehyde-treated cells: Evidence for antigen-processing. J. Exp. Med. 151: 314-327, 1980.
Korngold R, Sprent J: Negative selection of T cells causing graft-versus-host disease across minor histocompatibility barriers: Role of the H-2 complex. J. Exp. Med. 151: 1114-1124, 1980.
Korngold R, Bennink JR, Doherty PC: Early dominance of irradiated host cells in the responder profiles of thymus from P->F1 radiation chimeras. J. Immunol. 127: 124-129, 1981.
Korngold R, Sprent J: Features of T cells causing H-2 restricted lethal graft-vs-host disease across minor histocompatibility barriers. J. Exp. Med. 155: 872-883, 1982.
Korngold R, Blank KR, Murasko DM: Effect of interferon on thoracic duct lymphocyte output: induction with either polyI:polyC or vaccinia virus. J. Immunol. 130: 2236-2240, 1983.
Korngold R, Doherty PC: The localized primary cytotoxic T cell response to cells expressing minor histocompatibility differences. Scand. J. Immunol. 19: 175-180, 1984.
Korngold R, Doherty PC: Treatment of mice with polyinosinic-polycytidilic polyribonucleotide reduces T-cell involvement in a localized inflammatory response to vaccinia virus challenge. J. Virol. 53: 489-494, 1985.
Korngold R, Sprent J: Surface markers of T cells causing lethal graft-versus-host disease to class I versus class II H-2 differences. J. Immunol. 135:3004-3010, 1985.
Sprent J, Schaefer M, Lo D, Korngold R: Properties of purified T cell subsets. II. In vivo responses to class I vs. class II H-2 differences. J. Exp. Med. 163: 998-1011, 1986.
Korngold R, Sprent J: Variable capacity of L3T4+ cells to cause lethal graft-versus-host disease across minor histocompatibility barriers. J. Exp. Med. 165: 1552-1564, 1987.
Sprent J, Schaefer M, Korngold R: Role of T cell subsets in lethal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) directed to class I versus class II H-2 differences. II. Protective effects of L3T4+ cells in anti-class II GVHD. J. Immunol.144:2946-2954, 1990.
Korngold R, Wettstein PJ: Immunodominance in the graft-versus-host disease T cell response to minor histocompatibility antigens. J. Immunol. 145: 4079-4088, 1990.
Murphy GF, Whitaker D, Sprent J, Korngold R: Characterization of target injury of murine acute graft-versus-host disease directed to multiple minor histocompatibility antigens elicited by either CD4+ or CD8+ effector cells. Am. J. Path. 138: 983-990, 1991.
Hill L, Korngold R, Jaworsky C, Murphy G, McCue P, Berd D: Growth and metastasis of fresh human melanoma tissue in mice with severe combined immuno-deficiency (SCID). Cancer Res. 51:4937-4941, 1991.
Korngold R: Lethal graft-versus-host disease in mice directed to multiple minor histocompatibility antigens: features of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses. Bone Mar. Transplant. 9:355-364, 1992.
Wettstein PJ, Korngold R: T cell subsets required for the generation of in vitro CTL activity directed to single and multiple histocompatibility antigens. Transplant. 54:296-307, 1992.
Hill LL, Perussia B, McCue PA, Korngold R: Effect of human natural killer cells on metastatic growth of human melanoma xenografts in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. Cancer Res. 54:763-770, 1994.
Berger M, Wettstein PJ, Korngold R: T cell subsets involved in lethal graft-vs-host disease directed to immunodominant minor histocompatibility antigens. Transplant. 57:1095-1102, 1994.
Murphy GF, Sueki H, Teuscher C, Whitaker D, Korngold R: Role of mast cells in early epithelial target cell injury in graft-versus-host disease. J. Invest. Dermatol. 102:451-461, 1994.
Jameson BA, McDonnell JM, Marini J, Korngold, R: A rationally designed CD4 analog inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Nature 349:744-747, 1994.
Korngold R, Leighton C, Manser T: Graft-versus-myeloid leukemia responses following syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 58:278-287, 1994.
McDonnell JM, Beavil AJ, Mackay GA, Jameson BA, Korngold R, Gould HJ, Sutton BJ: Structure based design and characterization of peptides that inhibit IgE binding to its high affinity receptor. Nature Struct. Biol. 3:419-426, 1996.
Friedman TM, Reddy AP, Wassell R, Jameson BA, Korngold R: Identification of a human CD4-CDR3-like surface involved in CD4+ T cell function. J. Biol. Chem. 37:22635-22640, 1996.
Townsend RM, Briggs C, Marini JC, Murphy GF, Korngold R: Inhibitory effect of a CD4-CDR3 peptide analog on graft-vs-host disease across a MHC-haploidentical barrier. Blood 88:3038-3047, 1996.
Marini JC, Jameson BA, Lublin FD, Korngold R: A CD4-CDR3 peptide analog inhibits both primary and secondary autoreactive CD4+ T cell responses in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 157:3706-3715, 1996.
Koch U, Korngold R: A synthetic CD4-CDR3 peptide analog enhances bone marrow engraftment across major histocompatibility barriers. Blood 89:2880-2890, 1997.
Li S, Gao J, Satoh T, Friedman TM, Edling AE, Koch U, Choksi S, Xiaobing H, Korngold R, Huang Z: A computer screening approach to immunoglobulin superfamily structures and interactions: discovery of small non-peptidic CD4 inhibitors as novel immunotherapeutics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:73-78, 1997.
Berger MA, Korngold R: T cell receptor Vbeta repertoires involved in graft-versus-host disease responses to minor histocompatibility antigens. J. Immunol. 159:77-85, 1997.
Korngold R, Leighton C, Mobraaten LE, Berger MA: Inter-strain graft-versus-host disease T cell responses to immunodominant minor histocompatibility antigens. Biol. Blood Mar. Transplant. 3:57-4, 1997.
Choksi S, Jameson BA, Korngold R: Synthetic CD8alpha peptide analog inhibitors of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. Nature Med. 4:309-314, 1998.
Friedman TM, Gilbert M, Briggs C, Korngold R: Repertoire analysis of CD8+ T cell responses to minor histocompatibility antigens involved in graft-versus-host disease J. Immunol. 161:41-48, 1998.
Koch U, Choksi S, Marcucci L, Korngold R: A Synthetic CD4-CDR3 peptide analog enhances skin allograft survival across a major histocompatibility class II barrier. J. Immunol. 161:421-429, 1998.
Li S, Satoh T, Korngold R, Huang Z: Proposed CD4 dimerization sites indicate a novel mode of co-oligomerization of CD4, MHC class II and TCR molecules. Immunol. Today 19:455-462, 1998.
Gould HJ, Daniel BE, Mackay GA, Gilbert M, Hide M, Joseph M, Marsh PJ, Coney LR, Zurawski VR, Capron M, Murphy GF, Korngold R: A chimeric IgE antibody against folate-binding protein displays potent anti-ovarian tumor activity in vivo. Eur. J. Immunol. 29:3527-37, 1999.
Hsieh MH, Korngold R: Differential utilization of FasL and perforin mediated cytolytic mechanisms by T cell subsets involved in graft-vs-myeloid leukemia responses. Blood, 96:1047-1055, 2000
Friedman TM, Statton D, Jones SC, Berger MA, Murphy GF, Korngold R: Vbeta repertoire analysis of CD4+ T cell responses to minor histocompatibility antigens involved in graft-versus-host disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant., 7: 2-13, 2001.
Edling AE, Huang Z, Korngold R: Effect of a synthetic peptide mimic of the -loop region on murine experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: Inhibition of both primary and secondary responses. J. Neuroimmunol., 112: 115-128, 2001.
Patterson AE, Korngold R: Crossprotective murine graft-versus-leukemia responses to phenotypically distinct myeloid leukemia lines. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant., 6: 537-547, 2000.
Patterson AE, Korngold R: Infusion of select leukemia-reactive TCR Vbeta+ T cells provides graft-versus-leukemia responses with minimization of graft-versus-host disease following murine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant., 7: 187-196, 2001.
Friedman TM, Varadi G, Hopely DD, Filicko J, Wagner J, Ferber A, Martinez J, Brunner J, Grosso D, McGuire L, Korngold R, and Flomenberg N: Nonmyeloablative conditioning allows for more rapid T cell repertoire reconstitution following allogeneic matched unrelated bone marrow transplantation compared to myeloablative approaches. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 7:656-664, 2001.
Hsieh MH, Varadi G, Flomenberg N, Korngold R: Leucyl-leucine methyl ester-treated haploidentical donor lymphocyte infusions can mediate graft-versus-leukemia activity with minimal graft-versus-host disease risk. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 8:303-315, 2002.
Jones SC, Murphy GF, Korngold R: Post-hematopoietic cell transplant control of graft-versus-host disease by donor CD4+25+ T cells to allow an effective graft-versus-leukemia response. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 9: 243-256, 2003.
Korngold R, Marini JC, de Baca ME, Murphy GF, Giles-Komar J: Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia responses. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 9: 292-303, 2003.
Whitaker-Menezes D, Jones SC, Friedman TM, Korngold R, Murphy GF: An epithelial target site in experimental graft-versus-host disease and cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity is defined by cytokeratin 15 expression. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 9:559-570, 2003.
Jones SC, Friedman TM, Murphy GF, Korngold R: Importance of minor histocompatibility antigen expression by non-hematopoietic tissues in a CD4+ T-cell-mediated graft-versus-host disease model. J Clin Invest. 112:1880-1886, 2003.
Jones SC, Friedman TM, Murphy GF, Korngold R: Specific donor Vbeta-associated CD4+ T cell responses correlate with severe acute graft-versus-host disease directed to multiple minor histocompatibility antigens. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 10:91-105, 2004.
Friedman TM, Jones SC, Statton D, Murphy GF, Korngold R: Evolution of responding CD4+ and CD8+ T cell repertoires during the development of graft-versus-host disease directed to minor histocompatibility antigens. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 10:224-235, 2004.
Murphy GF, Korngold R: Discovery and significance of selectively-targeted apoptotic rete cells in graft-versus-host disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 10:357-365, 2004.
Choksi S, Kim JC, Whitaker-Menezes D, Murphy GF, Friedman TM, and Korngold R. A CD8 DE-loop peptide analog prevents graft-vs-host disease in a multiple minor histocompatibility antigen mismatched bone marrow transplantation model. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 10:669-680, 2004.
Reddy P, Maeda Y, Liu C, Krijanovski OI, Korngold R, Ferrara JLM: A critical role for antigen presenting cells and alloantigen expression in graft-versus-leukemia responses after experimental allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Nat Med. 11:1244-1249, 2005.
Varadi G, Friedman TM, Korngold R: A CD4 domain 1 CC' loop peptide analog enhances engraftment in a murine model of bone marrow transplantation with sublethal conditioning. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 11:979-987, 2005.
DiRienzo CG, Murphy GF, Jones SC, Korngold R, Friedman TM: T cell receptor V-alpha spectratype analysis of a CD4-mediated T cell response against minor histocompatibility antigens involved in severe graft-versus-host disease. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 12:818-827, 2006.
DiRienzo CG, Murphy GF, Friedman TM, Korngold R: T cell receptor V-alpha usage by effector CD4+Vb11+ T cells mediating graft-versus-host disease directed to minor histocompatibility antigens. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 13:265-276. 2007.
Zhan Q, Signoretti S, Whitaker-Menezes D, Friedman TM, Korngold R, Murphy GF: In situ capture and gene expression analysis of GVHD target cells isolated by K15 immunohistochemistry-guided laser microdissection. J. Invest. Dermatol. 127:106-115, 2007.